Eludril Clinical Study 1

Authors: C Roques, J Luc, M Dererlin-Ducani, R Elkaim, H Tenenbaum

Publication: IADR 2001 (abstracts) not published data

Title: Antibacterial efficiency of a 0.1% chlorhexidine mouthwash in adult periodontitis

Abstract:

The aim of this double blind, randomized, parallel study was to determine the antibacterial efficiency of a 0.1% chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash used thrice daily during 14 days, associated or not with subgingival irrigation at D0 and D7.  60 patients with adult periodontitis were enrolled.  Bacterial samples were taken on 6 selected sites (3 irrigated and 3 not), at D0, D14 and D56.  No increase of the treatment effect could be demonstrated using additional irrigation of sites. A significant reduction of the anaerobic/aero-anaerobic counts was noted in the CHX treated patients compared to the placebo at D14 (p>0.02) but overall at D56 (p>0.001).  This observation was associated with a progressive increase of Gram+ bacteria, especially of Gram+ cocci (D0-D56 : p<0.004).  From Gram- flora, a decrease in total counts was noted at D14.  Variations were observed according to the more frequent species implicated in periodontal disease.  A significant reduction of Prevotella sp. was noted in the treated group compared to placebo during the treatment period (p<0.001).  For Porphyromonas sp., the effect was dominant at D56 (p<0.001).  A decreasing trend of sites positive for A. actinonmycetemcomitans was even noted at D56 (p>0.005) and for Capnocytophaga sp. exclusively at D14.

In conclusion, 0.1% CHX mouthwash treatment results in significant switches of periodontal flora.  Gram+ cocci are favoured during and after the treatment while the microaerophilic and anaerobic Gram- are transiently reduced.  Selective changes upon bacteria species are noted confirming the antibacterial activity of the 0.1% CHX mouthwash against pathogens involved in periodontitis.